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OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities

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The OWASP Top 10 is a list of the most critical web application security risks, as identified by the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP). This list is updated every few years to reflect the latest trends and challenges in web security. The current version, OWASP Top 10 - 2017, was released in 2017 and includes the following vulnerabilities:


  1. Injection: Injection attacks occur when an attacker is able to insert malicious code into a web application, allowing them to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or to manipulate the application. Examples of injection vulnerabilities include SQL injection, LDAP injection, and XML injection.
  2. Broken Authentication and Session Management: This category covers vulnerabilities related to the authentication and session management processes of a web application. This can include weaknesses in password policies, session IDs, and authentication tokens, which can allow attackers to gain unauthorized access to an application.
  3. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS): XSS vulnerabilities allow attackers to inject malicious code into a web page, which is then executed by the user's web browser. This can enable attackers to steal sensitive information, such as cookies or user credentials, or to manipulate the application.
  4. Insecure Direct Object References: This vulnerability occurs when a web application references an internal object, such as a file or database record, without proper authorization checks. This can allow attackers to access sensitive data or to manipulate the application.
  5. Security Misconfiguration: Security misconfiguration refers to the incorrect configuration of a web application or its underlying server, which can leave the application vulnerable to attacks. This can include outdated software, default or weak passwords, and unnecessary features or services.
  6. Sensitive Data Exposure: Sensitive data exposure occurs when a web application stores or transmits sensitive information, such as passwords or credit card numbers, in an insecure manner. This can include unencrypted transmission, insufficient access controls, or weak encryption algorithms.
  7. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF): CSRF vulnerabilities allow attackers to trick users into making unintended requests to a web application. This can enable attackers to perform actions on behalf of the user, such as transferring money or changing account information.
  8. Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities: This vulnerability occurs when a web application uses components, such as libraries or frameworks, that have known vulnerabilities. This can include outdated or unpatched versions of these components, which can leave the application vulnerable to attacks.
  9. Insufficient Transport Layer Protection: This vulnerability occurs when a web application does not use secure transport layer protocols, such as HTTPS, to protect the transmission of sensitive data. This can allow attackers to intercept and read this data in transit.
  10. Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards: This vulnerability occurs when a web application allows users to redirect to or forward to external URLs without proper validation. This can allow attackers to redirect users to malicious sites, potentially stealing sensitive information or compromising their devices.


By understanding the OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities, organizations can take steps to protect their web applications and prevent security breaches. This can include implementing security controls, conducting regular security assessments, and staying up to date with the latest security updates and patches.

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